The 4R operational diagnosis protocol developed by Professor
Marwan Abou-Rass offers clinicians evidence-based guidelines
for better diagnosis and treatment planning. With nearly fifty
years of teaching experience and leading-edge innovations in
the field of endodontic education, Dr. Abou-Rass brings
unparalleled expertise to this foundational course in
endodontic diagnostics.
Abou-Rass’ 4R operational diagnosis protocol (4ROD) provides
clinicians with eight (8) clinical profiles in which the strength of
one findings offsets the weakness of the other. To reach a
correct diagnosis and treat appropriately, biologically oriented
clinicians analyze the anatomic, physiologic, pathologic
relationships between the dental pulp, dentin, periodontal and
periapical tissues and structures.
